Substantiation of the technology of membrane formation based on fluorinated polymers
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Abstract
An important type among polymer membranes are membranes based on fluorinated polymers, due to their physical stability and chemical inertia. Membranes made of fluorinated polymers and copolymers are more stable in most chemical agents and media compared to membranes made of other types of polymers. In addition, they are hydrophobic and stable at elevated temperatures. Since the high cost of fluoropolymers limits the use of membranes, they are used only in those processes in which membranes made of other, less expensive materials will not meet the requirements of operation. Due to their high hydrophobicity, chemical and thermal stability, Teflon membranes are used in microfiltration, ultrafiltration and membrane distillation in aggressive working environments at elevated temperatures. However, the water-tightness of these membranes somewhat limits their use. The phase inversion method can only be used to produce membranes with fluoropolymers that are highly soluble in organic solvents (acetone, DMFA, DMAA). However, fully perfluorinated polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) do not meet these requirements, so the c-F groups in these polymers should only be partially replaced by C-H groups.
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