Potential for cooperation and disagreements among the BRICS countries in global climate governance: from institutional integration to shaping the agenda

Abstract

This article is devoted to analyzing the potential for cooperation and identifying differences between the BRICS countries in the field of global climate governance. The study is based on the concept of institutional integration and aims to identify opportunities for shaping a joint climate policy agenda at the international level. In the introduction, the authors substantiate the urgency of the problem, taking into account the increasing threats of climate change and the need for collective efforts to overcome them. The historical prerequisites for the formation of international climate agreements and the place of the BRICS countries in this process are discussed. It also highlights the importance of exploring the differences between these countries due to differences in economic development, energy policy, and national interests. The methodological basis of the work combines a comparative analysis of institutional mechanisms, expert assessments and case studies of individual climate initiatives. The methods used make it possible to identify both general trends in cooperation and subjects of disagreement between the group members. Additionally, content analysis of international agreements and documents regulating the climate agenda is used, which contributes to an integrated approach to studying the problem. The results of the analysis indicate that, despite having common interests, the BRICS countries face significant differences in setting priorities for climate policy. Although institutional integration facilitates the exchange of experience and the development of common strategic solutions, it is hampered by conflicting national interests and differences in the level of technological development. Despite these challenges, it was possible to identify a number of areas conducive to further cooperation, including the exchange of climate technologies and the coordination of positions in international negotiations. In conclusion, the authors conclude that further research is needed to find compromise solutions and proposals for an institutional mechanism that can unite the efforts of the BRICS countries in the fight against global climate change. The study is of practical importance for developing recommendations to international organizations and governments seeking effective management of the climate agenda at the global level.